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Bhagalpur, historically referred to as Champa Nagri, is a city located in the Indian state of Bihar on the southern banks of the Ganges River. It ranks as the third-largest city in Bihar in terms of population and functions as the administrative center for Bhagalpur district, Bhagalpur division, and the Eastern Range. Known as the “Silk City,” it has been included in India’s Smart Cities Mission for urban development. Bhagalpur stands out as the only district in Bihar, aside from the capital city Patna, that hosts three major higher education institutions: IIIT Bhagalpur, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Tilka Manjhi Bhagalpur University (TMBU), and Bihar Agricultural University (BAU). In addition, Vikramshila Central University is being constructed near the ruins of the ancient Vikramshila Mahavihara. The city’s main railway station, Bhagalpur Railway Station, connects it to other regions.
The area surrounding the city is also notable for its biodiversity, particularly as home to the endangered Gangetic dolphin, India’s National Aquatic Animal. The nearby Vikramshila Gangetic Dolphin Sanctuary helps protect this species. Bhagalpur is also known for its vibrant cultural traditions, including hosting the largest Manasa Puja and one of the most significant Kali Puja processions in the region, both of which are considered important aspects of the area’s intangible cultural heritage.
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